Reflotando empresas en un escenario de insolvencia generalizada
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51302/rcyt.2022.7643Palabras clave:
reflotamiento, insolvencia, concurso de acreedoresResumen
En periodos de crisis económica es habitual que las empresas se acojan al concurso de acreedores para superar una situación de declive e insolvencia. En el presente trabajo se evalúa la efectividad de las acciones estratégicas de recuperación en el contexto de crisis empresarial de mayor gravedad, como es la situación del concurso de acreedores. A tal fin, se ha efectuado un análisis longitudinal sobre una muestra de 868 empresas españolas declaradas en concurso de acreedores en el periodo 2004-2017. Los resultados revelan que incrementar las ventas contribuye de forma positiva a superar el proceso concursal de forma exitosa, esto es, sobreviviendo y mejorando la rentabilidad, mientras que efectuar inversiones en activo no muestra efectos significativos en el incremento de probabilidad de supervivencia y éxito. Las empresas exitosas adicionalmente adoptaron acciones de recortes de costes y activos con las que pudieron obtener los recursos necesarios para impulsar su negocio incluso durante el concurso de acreedores. Estos hallazgos sugieren que las empresas en situación de concurso de acreedores deberían adoptar estrategias de recuperación focalizadas en sus ventas, para lo cual será necesario que previamente hayan adoptado acciones de reducción de activos improductivos y gastos superfluos, que proporcionen la base para la posterior recuperación.
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