Activismo accionarial y retribución directiva: la influencia del say-on-pay en las empresas cotizadas españolas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51302/rtss.2023.3359Palabras clave:
say-on-pay, SOP, activismo accionarial, retribución directiva, alineación retributiva, gobierno corporativo, empresas cotizadas españolasResumen
Este trabajo ha obtenido el accésit del Premio Estudios Financieros 2022 en la modalidad de Recursos Humanos.
El say-on-pay (SOP) es una votación realizada en junta general que permite al accionariado pronunciarse –mediante un voto a favor, en contra o una abstención– acerca de la idoneidad de la retribución directiva. Esta votación, implementada originariamente por el Reino Unido en 2002, ha sido acogida en multitud de países, adoptando diversas tipologías. A pesar de las evidencias existentes hasta la fecha, sigue existiendo cierta controversia sobre su efectividad, siendo el contexto español de especial interés por sus especificidades de gobierno corporativo. En este sentido, el objetivo de este trabajo es explorar los efectos del SOP sobre el diseño de la retribución de los CEO de las empresas cotizadas españolas durante el periodo 2013-2020, analizando el grado de activismo existente, así como los efectos de la votación sobre el diseño de los paquetes retributivos. Los resultados indican que el SOP estimula la participación del accionariado en los asuntos de gobierno corporativo relacionados con la retribución, además de fomentar diseños retributivos para los CEO más alineados con los resultados empresariales.
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